[paper] Metamaterial for Wearable Applications

Kabir Hossain^1,2, Thennarasan Sabapathy^1,2, Muzammil Jusoh^1,2, Ping Jack Soh1^1,2 Ainur Fasihah Mohd Fazilah^1,2, Ahmad Ashraf Abdul Halim^1,2, N. S. Raghava³, Symon K. Podilchak⁴, Dominique Schreurs⁵, Qammer H. Abbasi⁶

ENG and NZRI Characteristics of Decagonal Shaped Metamaterial for Wearable Applications

International Conference on UK-China Emerging Technologies 

UCET, Glasgow, United Kingdom, 2020, pp. 1-4, 

doi: 10.1109/UCET51115.2020.9205409

¹Advanced Communication Engineering (ACE) Centre of Excellence, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, No 15 & 17, Jalan Tiga, Pengkalan Jaya Business Centre, 01000 Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia. 

²School of Computer and Communication Engineering, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kampus Alam UniMAP Pauh Putra, Arau 02600, Malaysia 

³Departments of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Delhi Technological University, India
⁴Institute of Digital Communications, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FB, UK
⁵ESAT-TELEMIC Research Division, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 10 Box 2444, 3001 Leuven, Belgium 

⁶James Watt School of Engineering, University of Glasgow, UK

Abstract: A decagonal-shaped split ring resonator metamaterial based on a wearable or textile-based material is presented in this work. Analysis and comparison of various structure sizes are compared considering a compact 6×6 mm2 metamaterial unit cell, in particular, where robust transmissionreflection (RTR) and Nicolson-Ross-Weir (NRW) methods have been performed to extract the effective metamaterial parameters. An investigation based on the RTR method indicated an average bandwidth of 1.39 GHz with a near-zero refractive index (NZRI) and a 2.35 GHz bandwidth when considering epsilon negative (ENG) characteristics. On the other hand, for the NRW method, approximately 0.95 GHz of NZRI bandwidth and 2.46 GHz of ENG bandwidth have been observed, respectively. These results are also within the ultrawideband (UWB) frequency range, suggesting that the proposed unit cell structure is suitable for textile UWB antennas, biomedical sensors, related wearable systems, and other wireless body area network communication systems.

Fig: The real NZRI values obtained using the RTR and NRW methods for different unit cell structures: (a) 1 1 × array, (b) 2 1× array, (c) 1 2 × array, and (d) 2 2 × array

Acknowledgment: The author would like to acknowledge the support from the Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS) under a grant number of FRGS/1/2019/TK04/UNIMAP/02/3 from the Ministry of Education Malaysia.